The aspartame sweetener has been the subject of intense scrutiny over the last several years. It was originally proposed for use in the 1970s and since then it has come up on the food danger radar screen every couple of years. It was originally created by G. D. Searle company from Omaha, Nebraska, which is now part of Pfizer. The chemical was finally approved in 1980 and has been sold under the name Equal and NutraSweet for many years. The breakdown products of the aspartame sweetener contain phenylalanine, there people with phenylketonuria should not use this product. Several food activists opposed the chemical saying that it caused cancer in rats. In order to prove its safety, hundred of studies have been conducted on the chemical. The summary of the evidence seems to indicate that the product is safe to use and doe not have any long term effects.

The xylitol sweetener gets its name from the Greek name for wood. It is combined with the suffix for sugar alcohols. Xylitol is a sugar alcohol sweetener that is used as a naturally occurring sugar substitute. It can be found in fibers of many fruits and vegetables, including various berries, corn husks, oats, and even mushrooms. It can be made from from corn fiber, birch, raspberries, plums, and corn. Xylitol is about as sweet as sucrose but contains only two-thirds the food energy calories. Similar to most sugar alcohols, initial consumption of the chemical can result in bloating, diarrhea, and flatulence. But the effect of xylitol is generally less than other sugar alcohols like sorbitol. Xylitol is considered to be a safe sweetener as there have not been any studies that show it causes health problems in human or animal studies.

While it is good that people have concerns about chemicals interacting with the human body, the compounds need to be studied scientifically. The Food and Drug administration attempts to study the compounds as much a possible before making them available to the public. These artificial sweeteners have been tested extensively and should generally be considered to be safe.

Saturated fats are a type of chemical in which the carbon atoms are have a full amount of hydrogen atoms. The carbons have been ‘saturated’ with hydrogen since there are no double bonds Any double bonds between carbon atoms causes them to be unsaturated. Every double bond eliminates one set of hydrogens. There the mono unsaturated have two fewer hydrogens and the polyunsaturated have a lot less hydrogens. Fats like omega 3 fatty acids have at least one double bond, therefore they are not saturated fats. One of the key properties of saturated fats is that they are typically solid at room temperature. Therefore things like butter and animal fats tend to be saturated. Oils tend to be unsaturated fats.

Saturated fats affect health by raising the level of cholesterol in your blood. The foods high in saturated fats can be turned into cholesterol in the body. High levels of blood cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease and a stroke. It should also be known that many foods high in saturated fats have a high cholesterol content. This can raise blood cholesterol even higher.

The saturated fats are a natural part of many foods. The majority of saturated fat cholesterol food come from animal sources, including meat and dairy. Some examples are fatty beef, lamb, pork, and poultry with skin. Some other sources are also beef fat (called tallow), lard and cream, and butter. Even cheese and other dairy products made from whole or reduced fat milk can contain saturated fats. These foods can also contain cholesterol, which makes the situation worse.

Many baked goods and fried foods can contain high levels of saturated fats, especially when created with hydrogenated oils. These oils create saturated trans fat food, which is worse than regular fat. The hydrogenation process creates the trans fat, which is not a natural form. This trans fat is then transferred during the cooking and causes saturated trans fat food. Some plant oils, such as palm oil, palm kernel oil and coconut oil, tend to contain saturated fats. These oils do not contain cholesterol.

People should replace saturated fats with foods high in monounsaturated and or polyunsaturated fats. For the oils, this means eating foods prepared with liquid vegetable oil but not the tropical oils. For regular food, it also means eating fish and nuts and avoiding fatty beef. People can also replace some of the meat with beans or legumes, which are great protein sources. These substitutions can allow a person to avoid a saturated fat diet and improve their health.

Glutamic acid can exist in many forms. It can be consumed as an ion, which is a charged particle, or a salt, which is neutral. MSG is a salt because of the single sodium. All of the different types of glutamic acids, their ions and salts, are called glutamates. They are used because of their flavor-enhancing properties. These compounds provide an umami (savory) taste to food that is widely desired. Glutamic acid is a natural part of many fermented or aged foods because the glutamate can be formed over time. These include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, as well as cheese. It is also a component of any hydrolyzed protein, such as yeast extract or others.

Most of the MSG used in cooking is produced by fermentation of some sort of sugar product. The most commonly used are starches, sugar beets, sugar cane, or molasses. There were about 1.5 million tons sold in 2001, which represents 4% annual growth. MSG is used commercially and has been traditionally associated with chinese food. MSG is now used by most fast food chains and in many foods. Most of these are processed foods. But it can occur naturally as discussed above. That is why they have been some arguments about the labeling of food as having ‘no MSG’ since it is not added specifically. Some of these foods may have it as part of the fermentation. So the no MSG label is not really true since it occurs naturally.

The most common foods that contain MSG include some of the following items. Pre-prepared stocks such as stock cubes or bouillon cubes and certain condiments such as barbecue sauces and salad dressings. Canned, frozen, or dried prepared food as well as common snack foods can also contain it. For example, flavored jerky, flavored potato chips and flavored tortilla chips can have MSG. Seasoning mixtures are another common source of the additive. It had been found that only the L-glutamate enantiomer (mirror image molecule) has flavor enhancing characteristics. Some of the fermented products such as soy sauce, steak sauce, and Worcestershire sauce tend to have high levels of glutamate. People who have an msg allergy are going to be sensitive to all of these different foods and should avoid them if possible. But this can be difficult to do in practice since there are many foods containing msg in stores and restaurants.

If your kidneys do not eliminate enough sodium in the urine, the sodium will start to accumulate in your blood. This can cause potential problems because sodium attracts and holds water. The excess volume causes your blood volume to increase.  The increased blood volume, will require your heart to work harder to move more blood through your arteries, increasing pressure. In certain diseases such as congestive heart failure, this excess pressure causes the heart to back up and fluid to enter the lungs. When the excess salt is eliminated, the heart failure improves. A similar set of circumstances develops in cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease. Both of these diseases can lead to an inability to regulate sodium.

Some people are more sensitive to sodium than are others and will have greater effects. People who are sensitive to sodium will retain it more easily, leading to excess fluid volume and higher blood pressure. For people in that group, foods high in sodium levels increase your chance of developing and maintain high blood pressure and caused worsened heart disease.

So for people who want to regulate their sodium, there are some principles to remember. A pinch and a dash of salt can quickly add up to very high and unhealthy levels of sodium. This happens frequently when many foods already contain a lot of sodium. Almost eleven percent of the sodium in the average U.S. diet comes from adding salt to foods while cooking or eating. This is includes other sodium containing items. Therefore the majority of the sodium, over 77 percent, comes from eating foods that are prepared or processed. So people may limit the amount of salt added to food, the food itself may already have a lot of salt.

A reduction in foods high in sodium levels by even 1 gram in the diet every day may help decrease the rate of death for people. This study was done by University of California San Francisco researchers and was presented at an American Heart Association’s Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease. The researchers reported that a 3 gram a day reduction in salt intake could result in 6% fewer cases of new cases of heart disease, 8% fewer heart attacks, and 3% fewer deaths in the US. This is why people should avoid high sodium foods and diet.

The nutritional value of canned food is often a source of much controversy. In a general sense, canned foods have an equivalent quality of nutritional value when compared to their fresh or frozen counterparts. However, some nutrients and vitamins are more effected by the process of canning than others. Canned food safety necessitates that the contents of a can be heated to rid the product of any potentially dangerous micro-organisms. However, this process can be a detriment to certain vitamins. Water soluble vitamins, such as vitamin C, folate, and certain B vitamins are not very stable and their levels are severely depleted during the canning process.

This aspect of vitamin depletion is obviously a negative aspect of buying canned food. However, there are positives as well. One reason that many people buy canned food is that canned food storage will last longer periods of time, thus reducing the expense of wasted food that has gone bad. In addition, canned food is often processed during its prime period of ripeness, ensuring the highest levels of vitamins that are not water soluble. Fresh food can sometimes be picked before it is ripe to account for transportation times going from the farm to the supermarket shelves. On the other hand, there are other negative aspects to consider when deciding to buy fresh, frozen, or canned goods.

While the process of canning food eliminates the need for additional preservatives, there are some additives that are routinely inserted into canned food. The primary additive is sodium, or salt. Eating a lot of canned food can drastically raise a person’s salt intake. This dietary habit can cause health problems in some individuals. Another dangerous additive is the addition of sugars or sugar substitutes, such as high fructose corn syrup. Elevated levels of processed sugar intake has been proven to cause certain health risks.

The debate over whether to choose fresh or canned food has been present ever since the invention of canned food. While eating fresh food while it is most ripe is the best option from a health perspective, this can be problematic as being able to find ripe specimens may be difficult. A person eating high amounts of canned food products should be aware of the additives that they are ingesting and the resulting canned food safety implications.

A junk food ban would eliminate some of the worst items from the market so that consumers are not exposed to their dangers. Since there are so many types of junk food, the ban would target certain foods with poor nutritional value. For example, one ban could apply to foods with a fat content of over 200 calories per serving. Others could target foods with a sugar content of over 200 calories or a combination. This type of ban would influence junk food makers to reduce the sugar and fat content of their foods to make them slightly more healthy. Most government organization do not want to eliminate foods, but just make them more healthy and safer for the population to consume.

There are different levels of junk food. Some are more and less healthy than others. The less healthy ones tend include fried items that contain a lot of fat. These include potato chips and french fries. Other types of less health junk foods are desserts. These cakes, cupcakes, brownies, and cookies are very high in fat and calorically dense, making them very hard to resist and bad for consumers. The more healthy junk food types include those that have some nutritional value. These tend to include fruity yogurt brands or cottage cheese mixed with canned fruit. These quick sources of food come in small packages and compete with more traditional junk food since they are so easy grab quickly. They still contain a large amount of sugars in the fruit syrup but at least they are combined with a dairy product that provides some nutritional value.

The culture of convenience and speed has greatly considered to the rise in junk food. At the same time we are exercising less and do not burn as many calories. So the high calorie foods have a much greater effect. There are now much higher rates of obesity and diabetes that can be linked to junk food consumption. These diseases add a large part to the unhealthy state of our country and high health insurance premiums. The other element of the problem is that junk food tend to be relatively inexpensive. Good, healthy food tends to cost more and therefore people will go for what is cheap. This has created the widespread adoption of the junk food diet that is causing problems in our country.

Some of the fat in food is acquired when the food is prepared. That is how fried food gets a lot of fat. The foods are heated an cooked in hot vat of oils, which could be an oil at room temperature or a solid fat. These fats attach to the outside of the food and gives most fried foods their crunchy yet savory taste. French fries, donuts, chicken fingers, and many other foods are prepared in this method. A lot of different companies have been changing the fats in the fryers recently in order to improve their health benefits. One of the most important changes is to eliminate the trans fats from the foods. Trans fats have a slightly different chemical composition that make them much tougher to metabolize in the body. This causes them to contribute to poor health and problems such as heart attacks and strokes. Many foods are now identified as ‘trans fat free’ in order for consumers to know that many of the more dangerous types of fats have been eliminated.

People need to have a certain amount of fat in food. Many of the products that we have enjoyed for centuries such as milk, cheese, and other dairy products have fats dissolved in them and contribute to their taste. It is advised the twenty to thirty percent of a persons calories should come from fat. Certain vitamin and minerals are dissolved in fat and people would not have normal bodily processes without them. Babies are especially in need of fats for their brain development. Each of the neurons that send signals via the spinal cord is encased in a protective layer of lipids create from fat.

The most obvious and popular fatty foods are the dessert items and candy. Cakes, cookies, fudge, and chocolate tend to have a high fat content. These foods also have a high sugar content, for a sweet and savory taste that makes them very popular and hard to avoid. Desserts can greatly contribute to the fat intake of a person if they are eaten on a regular basis. The main ingredients of most desserts are cream butter and sugar, which is why they taste so good. But these types of foods should not be a part of a healthy diet. The fat foods should be consumed sparingly, so that a person does not suffer their negative effects over time.

The most unhealthy foods tend to snacks that are high in sugars or fats. Candy is one of the worst since it contains a lot of sugar. Candy bars and other sweets  are designed to satisfy the sugar receptors in the mouth and release that sugar quickly to create a sugar ‘buzz.’ This sugar buzz is followed by a sugar crash, which leads to the person wanted to have more sugar. This cycle of high and low is a rollercoaster of poor eating as the person never becomes satisfied by their foods. The simple sugars of candy can sweets are releases so quickly that the body gets cravings. Therefore a person eats more than they should and consumes a lot of excess and empty calories.

Fast food is also very unhealthy. This category of food tends to include a lot of fried items that can be prepared quickly. French fries and chicken nuggets are immersed in hot oils to be cooked and obtain a lot of fats in the process. This contributes to their great taste but also makes them very high in fat content. Fast foods also tend to be very calorically dense with few vitamins and nutrients. Since the food is designed to be portable, there tend to be a lot of calories in small packages. This means that people tend to eat more quantity of food because there are more calories per pound in the food. Fast food does not include many foods that make you feel full, such as vegetables or other foods with fiber.

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Desserts are one of the most common types of unhealthy food. Made from butter, sugar, cream, and other items, they contribute greatly to the weight problem in our country. These unhealthy foods taste so good that they are hard to resist and people have a hard time saying no. Many people have lost the ability to control their consumption and therefore run into problems with food. This cycle continues as people have a horrible diet and continue to eat unhealthy foods.

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